The Federative Republic of Brazil consists of 27 Federative Units: 26 states and the Federal District, covering a total area of 8,514,876 km². The states are the main political-administrative divisions, while the Federal District houses the Federal Government. The 1988 Federal Constitution established this division, organizing the country into five geographic regions: North, Northeast, Center-West, Southeast, and South.

In 2022, Brazil's political-administrative division included 5,568 municipalities, in addition to the Federal District (Brasília - DF) and the State District of Fernando de Noronha (PE).

Political Map of Brazil: States and Capitals.
Political Map of Brazil: States and Capitals.

Estados da Região Norte

A Região Norte é composta por sete estados: Acre (AC), Amapá (AP), Amazonas (AM), Pará (PA), Rondônia (RO), Roraima (RR) e Tocantins (TO).

Acre

Flag of the State of Acre.
Flag of the State of Acre.

Abbreviation: ACCapital: Rio BrancoDemonym: AcreanResident Population: 830,018 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 164,173.429 km²Population Density: 4.47 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.71Number of Municipalities: 22


Amapá

Abbreviation: APCapital: MacapáDemonym: Amapá nativeResident Population: 733,759 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 142,470.762 km²Population Density: 5.15 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.688Number of Municipalities: 16


Amazonas

Abbreviation: AMCapital: ManausDemonym: Amazonas nativeResident Population: 3,941,613 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 1,559,255.881 km²Population Density: 2.53 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.7Number of Municipalities: 62


Pará

Abbreviation: PACapital: BelémDemonym: Pará nativeResident Population: 8,120,131 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 1,245,870.704 km²Population Density: 6.52 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.69Number of Municipalities: 144


Rondônia

Abbreviation: ROCapital: Porto VelhoDemonym: Rondônia native or RondonianResident Population: 1,581,196 InhabitantsTerritorial Area: 237,754.172 km²Population Density: 6.65 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.7Number of Municipalities: 52


Roraima

Abbreviation: RRCapital: Boa VistaDemonym: Roraima nativePopulation: 1,581,196 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 223,644.530 km² (IBGE, 2021)Population Density: 6.65 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.7Number of Municipalities: 15


Tocantins

Abbreviation: TOCapital: PalmasDemonym: Tocantins nativeResident Population: 1,511,460 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 277,423.627 km²Population Density: 5.45 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.731Number of Municipalities: 139


States of the Northeast Region

The northeast region is composed of nine states: Maranhão (MA), Piauí (PI), Ceará (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Paraíba (PB), Pernambuco (PE), Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE) and Bahia (BA).

Maranhão

Abbreviation: MACapital: São LuísDemonym: Maranhão nativeResident Population: 6,776,699 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 329,651.496 km²Population Density: 20.56 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.676Number of Municipalities: 217


Piauí

Abbreviation: PICapital: TeresinaDemonym: Piauí nativePopulation: 3,271,199 peopleTerritorial Area: 251,755.481 km²Population Density: 12.99 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.69Number of Municipalities: 224


Ceará

Abbreviation: CECapital: FortalezaDemonym: Ceará nativeResident Population: 8,794,957 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 148,894.447 km²Population Density: 59.07 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.734Number of Municipalities: 184


Rio Grande do Norte

Abbreviation: RNCapital: NatalDemonym: Potiguar, North-Rio-Grandense or Rio-Grandense-do-NorteResident Population: 8,794,957 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 148,894.447 km²Population Density: 59.07 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.734Number of Municipalities: 167


Paraíba

Abbreviation: PBCapital: João PessoaDemonym: Paraíba nativePopulation: 3,974,687 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 56,467.242 km²Population Density: 70.39 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.698Number of Municipalities: 223


Pernambuco

Flag of the State of PernambucoAbbreviation: PECapital: RecifeDemonym: Pernambuco nativePopulation: 9,058,931 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 98,067.877km² Population Density: 92.37 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.719Number of Municipalities: 185


Alagoas

Abbreviation: ALCapital: MaceióDemonym: Alagoas nativePopulation: 3,365,351 inhabitants (IBGE estimate, 2021)Territorial Area: 27,830.661 km²Population Density: 112.38 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.684Number of Municipalities: 102


Sergipe

Abbreviation: SECapital: AracajuDemonym: Sergipe native or SergipensePopulation: 3,127,683 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 27,830.661 km²Population Density: 112.38 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.684Number of Municipalities: 75


Bahia

Abbreviation: BACapital: SalvadorDemonym: BahianPopulation: 3,127,683 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 27,830.661 km²Population Density: 112.38 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.684Number of Municipalities: 417


States of the Center-West Region

The center-west region is composed of three states and the Federal District (DF). The states are: Goiás (GO), Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS).

Goiás

Abbreviation: GOCapital: GoiâniaDemonym: Goiás nativePopulation: 3,127,683 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 27,830.661 km²Population Density: 112.38 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.684Number of Municipalities: 246


Mato Grosso

Abbreviation: MTCapital: CuiabáDemonym: Mato Grosso nativePopulation: 3,658,649 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 903,208.361 km²Population Density: 4.05 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.736Number of Municipalities: 141


Mato Grosso do Sul

Abbreviation: MSCapital: Campo GrandeDemonym: South Mato Grosso nativePopulation: 2,757,013 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 357,142.082 km²Population Density: 7.72 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.742Number of Municipalities: 79


Federal District

Abbreviation: DFCapital: BrasíliaDemonym: Brasília nativePopulation: 2,817,381 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 5,760.784 km²Population Density: 489.06 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.814Number of Municipalities: 1


Estados da Região Sudeste

A região Sudeste é composta por quatro estados: São Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Minas Gerais (MG) e Espírito Santo (ES).

São Paulo

Flag of the State of São Paulo

Flag of the State of São Paulo.
Flag of the State of São Paulo.

Sigla: SPCapital: São PauloGentílico: paulistaPopulação: 44.411.238 habitantesExtensão Territorial: 248.219,485 km²Densidade Demográfica: 178,92 hab/km²IDH: 0,806Número de Municípios: 645


Rio de Janeiro

Flag of the State of Rio de Janeiro.
Flag of the State of Rio de Janeiro.

Sigla: RJCapital: Rio de JaneiroGentílico: fluminensePopulação: 16.055.174 habitantesExtensão Territorial: 43.750,425 km²Densidade Demográfica: 366,97 hab/km²IDH: 0,762Número de Municípios: 92


Minas Gerais

Flag of the State of Minas Gerais.
Flag of the State of Minas Gerais.

Sigla: MGCapital: Belo HorizonteGentílico: mineiroPopulação: 16.055.174 habitantesExtensão Territorial: 43.750,425 km²Densidade Demográfica: 366,97 hab/km²IDH: 0,762Número de Municípios: 853


Espírito Santo

Flag of the State of Espírito Santo.
Flag of the State of Espírito Santo.

Sigla: ESCapital: VitóriaGentílico: capixaba ou espírito-santensePopulação: 16.055.174 habitantesExtensão Territorial: 43.750,425 km²Densidade Demográfica: 366,97 hab/km²IDH: 0,762Número de Municípios: 78


States of the Southeast Region

The Southeast region is composed of four states: São Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Minas Gerais (MG) and Espírito Santo (ES).

São Paulo

Flag of the State of São Paulo

Flag of the State of São Paulo.
Flag of the State of São Paulo.

Abbreviation: SPCapital: São PauloDemonym: paulistaPopulation: 44,411,238 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 248,219.485 km²Population Density: 178.92 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.806Number of Municipalities: 645


Rio de Janeiro

Flag of the State of Rio de Janeiro.
Flag of the State of Rio de Janeiro.

Abbreviation: RJCapital: Rio de JaneiroDemonym: fluminensePopulation: 16,055,174 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 43,750.425 km²Population Density: 366.97 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.762Number of Municipalities: 92


Minas Gerais

Flag of the State of Minas Gerais.
Flag of the State of Minas Gerais.

Abbreviation: MGCapital: Belo HorizonteDemonym: mineiroPopulation: 16,055,174 inhabitantsTerritorial Area: 43,750.425 km²Population Density: 366.97 inhabitants/km²HDI: 0.762Number of Municipalities: 853


Espírito Santo